The impact of a culturally based live music intervention on the metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with chronic stress and the risk of preterm birth in Black women

Project Summary/Abstract High preterm birth (PTB) rate in the United States (US) is a national crisis. Pregnant Black females have a 50% higher risk of PTB compared to pregnant White females in the US, and their infants are more than twice as likely to die. Over ten years ago, the National Academy of Medicine identified Black female’s exposure to chronic stress as among the most important risk factors contributing to this health problem and called for additional research as necessary. Although additional research has been conducted, the high rates of PTB have continued unabated. Thus, to address this significant critical need, we have brought together an exemplary team of researchers and clinicians with unique and complementary expertise. With this team, we will conduct a first of its kind clinic trial: testing the efficacy of a 10-week live music intervention compared to a similarly delivered 10-week sham control, to reduce the biological impact of chronic stress at the most fundamental level -- the molecules and metabolic pathways that are affected by stress. We further propose implementing the Music Characterization System (MCS) to identify the musical mechanisms underlying any benefit. Black females in the US often are exposed to chronic stress related to their race, sex, socioeconomic status, and conditions of daily living including neighborhood and household food insecurity. Our study stems from our team’s previous research demonstrating that within a similar population of pregnant Black women, chronic stress was associated with changes in maternal metabolites and metabolic pathways linked to oxidative stress, energy production, and myelination, all potentially influencing pregnancy and newborn outcomes. This study also stems from our team’s rigorous research showing the power of live music to reduce stress and improve outcomes. Based on the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Framework, we will recruit 142 pregnant Black females during their 1st trimester of pregnancy and implement the Music Intervention or sham control beginning in the 2nd trimester. Participants will collect saliva samples for later metabolomic analysis and complete surveys at the 1st, 5th, and 10th-week verbal or sham session. Birth outcomes will be determined from careful review of the labor and delivery record. Music is one of the earliest, most traditional art forms in human history, while metabolomics is one of the newest and most advanced technologies available in the world today. By combining the very old with the very new in this innovative study, we have the opportunity to identify a means by which the beneficial effects of live music chosen by a pregnant female and implemented therapeutically, can reduce the biological impact of the daily stressors to which she is exposed, and as a result, reduce one of the most persistent health problems of our time, PTB.