Examining the Relevance of Social Network Characteristics and Cognitive Aging: A Causal Inference Study

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The study embarks on an exploration of the influence of Social Network Cognitive Buffers (SNCBs), comprising both quantifiable and subjective facets of social interaction, on cognitive aging and their potential link to Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD). Leveraging the unique context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the research aims to assess the cognitive effects of increased social isolation in older adults and the possible recuperative outcomes of restoring social ties post-pandemic. Guided by two primary objectives, the analysis utilizes longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study to distinguish between objective social isolation and subjective feelings of loneliness. First, the study examines changes in cognitive aging due to the fluctuation of SNCBs among individuals aged 65 and above, shedding light on the role of social networks in cognitive health. Secondly, it delves into the diverse impacts of reduced social contact and loneliness on cognitive outcomes, probing into the protective potential of varied social connections. In particular, the research focuses on uncovering the mechanisms most responsible for acting as cognitive buffers, exploring the long-term cognitive effects of the pandemic on older adults, and investigating universal mechanisms, such as the value of social network diversity in reducing cognitive decline. By employing causal inference methodologies and panel models, the study aims to pinpoint the specific SNCBs that significantly affect cognitive health. The anticipated findings could highlight the potential benefits of reestablishing social ties in later life stages, contributing not only to the understanding of conditions like AD/ADRD but also to the broader field of aging research. The study's multifaceted approach represents a vital step in advancing the knowledge of social network effects on cognitive health and has the potential to guide public health strategies for older adults. Additionally, it serves as a significant milestone in the development of the candidate, furthering a promising career in aging research.