Negative Symptoms, Cognition, and Functional Connectivity: Optimizing Transdiagnostic Relationships by Leveraging Advanced Techniques

Project Summary/Abstract The current interventions for negative symptoms in psychotic disorders and mood disorders with psychosis, particularly the experiential symptoms of reduced motivation and pleasure (MAP), are ineffective and wanting. This is a critical area for improvement, given that MAP symptoms are highly prevalent and strongly associated with disability and distress. However, we have a limited understanding of these symptoms' cognitive and neural bases. Moreover, MAP symptoms are heterogeneous in their presence, presentation, severity, and origins across individuals. Globally, traditional methods of assessing symptoms, cognition, and functional connectivity (FC) do not capture important variability within and between individuals. Quantifying this variability is necessary to understand the etiology and heterogeneity of MAP symptoms and develop effective interventions. Recently developed approaches, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), repeatable mobile cognitive testing (RMCT), naturalistic fMRI stimuli, and individual-specific functional connectivity (IS-FC) hold promise in addressing this issue. The proposed project aims to integrate these methods to advance our understanding of MAP symptoms' cognitive and neurobiological underpinnings in psychotic disorders and mood disorders with psychosis to ultimately inform effective clinical interventions. The overarching aims of this proposal are to a) investigate whether ecological momentary symptom assessment and repeatable mobile cognitive testing reveal more robust relationships between MAP symptoms to cognition and FC compared to standard in-lab clinical and cognitive assessments, b) examine whether IS-FC metrics lead to more robust relationships between FC and MAP symptoms compared to group-based FC metrics while using FC acquired during the processing of naturalistic stimuli, and c) assess to what extent these relationships are transdiagnostic across psychotic disorders and mood disorders with psychosis. The principal goal is to bolster our current understanding of the nature and etiology of experiential negative symptoms, which will, in turn, inform the development of effective transdiagnostic interventions. This project will be realized through training goals about gaining expertise on functional connectivity, negative symptoms across psychotic and mood disorders, advanced statistical analyses, and developing rigor, reproducibility, and professional development skills.