Robotic-Inserted, Shape-Conforming Cochlear Implant Electrode Arrays

Project Summary/Abstract During this Phase I effort, we seek to assess the viability of robotic-assisted, shape-conforming cochlear implant (CI) electrode arrays as a new solution for achieving atraumatic cochlear implantation and optimal electrode positioning at the same time. Lateral wall electrodes have historically been the preferred CI electrode option due to the higher likelihood of achieving atraumatic insertion and preserving residual hearing. However, placing electrodes closer to the modiolus of the cochlea can offer potential performance benefits, such as more focal stimulation and reduced current spread due to a shorter distance between the electrode and the spiral ganglion neuron target. Unfortunately, conventional perimodiolar electrodes suffer from higher rates of trauma and electrode displacement, negatively affecting the preservation of residual hearing. We are addressing this major challenge by utilizing a shape-memory polymer (SMP) as a dynamic element that induces controlled self-curling of the CI electrode arrays during cochlear implantation assisted by slow, consistent-speed robotic insertion. This approach enables non-contact insertion and gentle curling of the arrays closer to the modiolar wall during the implantation process. By uniquely combining the innovative material and surgical approaches, the proposed technology enables reliable cochlear implantation and optimal electrode placement at the same time, which is difficult to achieve with the current clinical CIs. Our effort encompasses establishing a computational model for the SMP-integrated CI arrays and evaluating their insertion reconfiguration profiles in a model cochlea. We will rigorously validate our approach through computational and experimental analyses including dynamic mechanical analysis and quantitative assessments of the insertion profiles based on macroscopic and microscopic imaging.