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NOBEL PRIZE 2026

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NIHNATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

Administrative Supplement to Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG)

Completed
Institution
SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE, CA
Principal investigator
Cosimo Commisso
Funding
$195K
Duration
2025–2026
Open portfolio

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Abstract

Project Summary Early-onset breast cancer (EOBC), diagnosed in adults aged 18-49, exhibits alarming incidence increases of 1.4% annually in the U.S. compared to 0.7% in older cohorts. Among Asian American/Pacific Islander women, incidence has risen by 2.7% annually, with particularly aggressive biology characterized by higher rates of triple- negative and HER2-positive subtypes, and 10-15% lower 5-year survival rates. Despite rising incidence (1.4% annually) and 10-15% lower survival rates, a critical knowledge gap remains: why healthy young adults develop aggressive cancers decades earlier than expected. We hypothesize early-onset breast cancer arises from a distinct molecular-physical structure axis where specific lifestyle factors drive unique physical tissue changes in young women's normal breast tissue, creating cancer-prone microenvironments that bypass typical age-related cancer development pathways. Our lab's developed computational pathology methods (ecPath, TLPath) enable quantitative measurement of tissue architecture from standard H&E images. We will analyze 263 EOBC tumor biopsies and 113 normal adjacent tumor (NAT) samples (44 from EOBC cases) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), identifying adjacent normal tissue architecture unique to EOBC transformation, connecting findings to corresponding features in Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx, 514 normal breast samples) to identify lifestyle and clinical factors accelerating cancer-prone tissue patterns, and mapping underlying molecular drivers. This research will establish the first comprehensive molecular-lifestyle-physical feature axis unique to EOBC, revealing how lifestyle factors accelerate cancer-prone tissue changes in young women and providing novel preventive intervention targets.

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NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTEP30annuallybreastlifestyleyoung womenlifestyle factorsadjacentsurvival ratesearly-onset

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