I-Corps: Translation Potential of Quantum Sensors for Diamond Tool Condition Monitoring

This I-Corps project is based on the development of a quantum sensing technology to monitor the condition of precision diamond cutting and processing tools. Diamond cutting and processing tools are critical components in areas such as biomedical research, medical surgery, and semiconductor manufacturing. However, users currently lack a reliable way to detect when a cutting tool becomes degraded or damaged before it ruins a valuable sample or product. This uncertainty causes extensive delays, wasted labor, and significant financial losses across these industries. This technology creates defects within the diamond material itself that act as a built-in diagnostic system that continuously monitors the mechanical stress and wear of the tool during operation. This provides a way to predict required maintenance, which may maximize tool lifespan and reduce costly downtime, and may enhance productivity, economic efficiency, and outcomes across diverse scientific and industrial applications. This I-Corps project utilizes experiential learning coupled with first-hand investigation of the industry ecosystem to assess the translation potential of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based quantum sensing for in-situ diagnostic monitoring of precision diamond tools. The technology aims to systematically link nanoscale NV fluorescence signatures with macroscopic indicators of mechanical deformation and wear. The approach measures changes in NV fluorescence by embedding ensembles of NV centers within bulk diamond cutting tools and integrating a compact optical readout module. Unlike existing post-hoc inspection methods such as differential interference contrast or atomic force microscopy, which require removing the tool and halting operations, this technology leverages the sensitivity of NV centers to local lattice distortions to provide real-time, non-invasive mapping of stress. Experimental research demonstrates NV fluorescence readout and high-resolution spatial strain sensitivity to lattice damage under controlled conditions. Users may benefit from actionable, predictive data on cutting-edge degradation, allowing them to anticipate failure, maintain consistent sectioning or scribing performance, and eliminate the need for time-consuming trial cuts. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.