Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701, Yale is the fourth oldest institution of higher education in the United States. It is one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. Yale was established as the Collegiate School in 1701 by Congregationalist clergy of the Connecticut Colony. Originally focused on theology and sacred languages, the school's curriculum expanded to include humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution. In the 19th century, the college expanded to include graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first PhD in the United States in 1864 and organizing as a university in 1887.